Media Effects Team Blue

1) Joshua Cantrell(2), Darian McBrayer(0), Cale Meredith(7)
2) The collective network of mass communication including message makers, message distributors, mediums, methods, platforms, form, function, audience, participants, etc.
3) An alteration of thoughts, attitudes, emotions, behaviors, or beliefs either instantaneously or over time. An effect can be actual or perceived.
4) 

1 “Legend of Censorship: Break Down The Walls Effect”

The effect that animated shows (for children under 18) has on what is considered the social norms.

2 “We call ourselves Facebook because Evil Labs Inc. was too obvious effect”

The effects that is caused by big companies running tests on emotions of it’s users/customers.

3 “Men have feelings too effect”

The effect that men are shown more stereotypically the realised.

4 “Sexy Greek God Effect”

The effect that is cause by men’s body image issue in media.

5 “Lies and Lies. People and People. People and Lies.”

The effect that brings in lies to the people in the name of censorship.

6 “Money Fight Effect”

The effect where an election's outcome is determined by money spent on the campaign.

7 "Sleepless is the New Black Effect"

The release of a new Netflix series leads to a decrease in the number of hours slept

8 "In vino veritas Effect"

Presidential debates lead to a rise in the average blood alcohol level

9 “The ‘Screw You Daddy!’ Effect”

The effect that realities shows have on female youth that causes them to act out in a negative manner.

10 “Tumblr is the ‘best’ effect”

The effect where the allure of a site/blog hides it’s negative influence.

5)“Sexy Greek God Effect” (The effect that is cause by men’s body image issue in media.)

Media Effects Team Green

1) Alex Glover (5), Taylor Gibson (6), Lindsay Rance (4), Elessa Boiko (2)

2) Media is a platform and the content to come out of said platform. Examples: Fox News and other news outlets, social media, content creators (Writers/YouTubers/Actors), print and digital content, billboards, advertisement with commercials or paper pamphlets, producers, etc.

3) Effects focus on behavioral change in that they are typically trying to get you to do/buy/feel something, whether that be blatant or subtle. It brings awareness to a topic one might not even be thinking of previously, so the media effects how they feel and act upon the topic. Examples: A commercial that focuses on women's bodies, it makes viewers rethink the way they see body image and how to improve their outlook. Any advertisement on television/billboards/newspapers effects your behavior in that it makes you want to buy something.

4) Competition 1:
Alex Glover - 
1. Hopping Platforms Effect: FaceBook takes over nostalgia with its TimeHop clone. Most people typically don't use TimeHop anymore and primarily view FaceBook for past memories.
2. Know Your Meme Effect: Invisible Children film attempted to shed light on the militaristic leader Kony by spreading awareness. Every social media was flooded with information and news about Kony to the point everyone knew about it and 'Kony 2012' became a meme.
3. #OhSh00t Effect: After a warning posted to 4chan went viral following a shooting at an Oregon university, more copycat posts began appearing online. Several Universities had lockdowns or enhanced security because they were taking the joking threats seriously. They took a serious event and made it into a joke which in turn was taken seriously.
4. Grownup FaceBook Effect: LinkedIn is now a primary tool for hiring and getting jobs. If you don't have a good LinkedIn, people say you will face difficulties landing a job.
5. The Mayan Calendar Effect: The Mayan calendar was ending in 2012, which people took to mean the world would be ending. The media perpetuated the idea to the point there was a blockbuster film that came of it. Obviously we're still around.
Taylor Gibson - 
6. Live From New York It's Total Bullshit Effect: A traditional popular medium (Saturday Night Live) created a skit about Palin that Tina Fey acted in and people began misquoting it and confusing what was really said by Palin and what wasn't. One popular being "I can see Russia from my house" (she never said this!).
7. Gorilla Warfare: A gorilla named Harambe was shot at the Cincinnati Zoo because he grabbed a child. Social media took the situation and turned it into a meme that a majority of the internet participated in. Users showed reverence to the fallen gorilla, but those who took the matter seriously saw it as offensive. It was a meme with a longer than average lifespan, and it blew the actual event out of proportion to the point it became a national issue.
8. Marina Joyce Did 9/11 Effect: A popcorn effect where someone noted that UK vlogger Marina Joyce looked scared in one of her videos, and everyone ran with it making up new ideas including being kidnapped by ISIS, having Schizophrenia, acting crazy for new followers, etc. It blew a normal video out of proportion and into a conspiracy theory that even involved the police.
9. #CutForBeiber Effect: 4chan users created a fake campaign that called for young girls to self harm for Justin Bieber to stop smoking. Young girls flocked to Twitter posting pictures of their bloodied arms to conform to the social event.
10. Y2Krack Pot Effect: The media ran with the idea that the world would end and technology would become corrupted when it hit 2000. People began panicking once the end drew near, but again we're obviously still here. People still reference the event a lot and continue to make jokes.
11. CreepyPasta Effect: The meme Slender Man was taken to a new level when two teenagers attempted to sacrifice a young girl in the woods as a sacrifice to the Slender Man. She is alive.
Lindsay Rance -
12. I'm a Slave 4 Media Portrayals of the Ideal Female Body Effect: Young children, 10 year olds, faced body image issues after watching videos of Britney Spears and Friends back in the 90s.
13. Kickstarter Effect: KickStarter is a platform for crowdfunding that has gone viral in that everyone uses it to fund inspirational aspirations or for stupid inventions.
14. #Likes4Life Effect: Everyone asks for likes on FaceBook, including getting to a million likes to stop a certain behavior from happening.
15. #AwkwardFirstDate Effect: Jimmy Fallon started a hashtag, #AwkwardFirstDate, which got the conversation started on first dates and how to improve them.
Elessa Boiko -
16. Votey McVoteFace Effect: A British company decided to let the public name their Polar research ship. The winner ended up being Boaty McBoatFace.
17. Tit4Tat Effect: A heavily tattooed UK woman went to Korea and was stared at the entire time. This is introspective on how Korea looks at beauty, and how it's a conforming look instead of individuality.

Media Effects Group Assignment

Kaitlin D. (2) Taylor H. (2) Tony Brasch (2) Mark Alison (5)


Define media: The Internet, TV, and newspaper is media.
Define effects: How someone responds to media or the outcome.

Theories:
Certified Effect - Twitter. The certified check mark can give accounts more power or seem more creditable.
 Click bait Effect  - Google. The most popular searches in Google appear first.
Meme Symbol Effect - memes turning into hate symbols by how specific groups use them
Long term effect of sexual exposes - Medias focus on body images has psychological and growth effects
Check mark or egg
The first to know
Broken Mirror
Tell me what to think
Instant Expert
Newsjunkies
Narcissist Effect - Instagram or Snapchat. A human trait that has been capitalized by media.
Easel and a paintbrush in your pocket
 The GTA Effect
My parents are wrong/my parents were right
Boomerang Effect

Ultimate Theory :

Even the guy who sanded George Washington's teeth now has an easel and paintbrush in his pocket

Media Effects In-Class Exercise

Media Effects In-Class Exercise

Duncan Gallagher (4)

Ofelia Alvarenga (2)

Sarah Smith (3)

Most Creative Nomination:  Bourbon Doesn’t Make Me Grow Hair On My Chest

1) The Conversational John Oliver Effect

In 2015, TIME magazine and a few other outlets began describing what they called “The John Oliver Effect”. This is a description of the social and political impact John Oliver’s show Last Week Tonight had upon airing an investigative piece on a particular subject. This effect was said to manifest itself in the ways of crashing websites, inspiring fundraising and awareness campaigns, and even helping the creation, support, awareness, or even repeal of legislation. There is another effect that is less observable, however: Last Week Tonight often introduces topics of conversation friends or coworkers would otherwise never or rarely have. When one person cites a fact they learned on Last Week Tonight, and the other person in the conversation recognizes that the fact was presented on Last Week Tonight, they have just experienced the Conversation John Oliver Effect.

2) The Purely Conservative-Media Consuming Effect

Believing that gays, minorities, and others of differing spiritual beliefs all have secret agendas to dismantle Christianity, the concept of the nuclear-family, western cultural values in general, as well as having a cohesive plan to wage war on Christmas, due to relying solely on Fox News to learn about the world around oneself.

3) The Reverse-Streisand Effect

The phenomenon by which attempts to spread awareness of an issue or topic via social media backfire due to a widespread negative opinion about the topic (or if the topic is simply controversial), and attempts to share or distribute awareness are actively censored and repressed by online communities.

4) The Failed Youth-Outreach Effect

When attempts to reach out to or relate to youth voters by politicians backfires and said youth voters end up disliking the politician even more than they already did.

(Ex: Mitt Romney attempting to sing “Who Let The Dogs Out”, or Hillary Clinton’s “Pokemon Go to the polls” comment)

5) The Porn makes me Hungry Effect

By using a medium that is a considered a“forbidden fruit” or “bad” as  a frame to tell a story of fulfilling desires , the use of porngraphy  provokes behaviors of indulgence. By creating a social norm of  an “”extreme”  indulgence being accepted , individuals may be feel the freedom of practicing “not so bad” behaviors in which their own personal desires are being fulfilled.

6) The I’m moving to Mars with the rich people Effect

By using a medium that is typically considered (social norm) as informative and  conspiracy storytellers, documentaries use the powerful media effects  to persuade viewers that they are being deceived of an opportunity , which then creates a people’s choice effect. Individuals are now experiencing the Lasswell’s  propaganda theory effect of being informed and being part of a certain group.

7) Bourbon Doesn’t Make Me Grow Hair On My Chest

Mila Kunis is the face of Jim Beam Kentucky Bourbon. The commercial is incredibly sexy and appeals to women. Typically, bourbon and whiskey are associated with men who enjoy this barrel aged distilled spirit. In a sense, this commercial defies stereotypical gender norms. As a female who has a great appreciation for Bourbon, Whiskey, and Scotch, it is refreshing to see that Bourbon is being marketed to not such a gender specific consumer.

8) Starbucks Is My New Handbag

Starbucks doesn’t do a whole lot of advertising. Why would they when you turn on the television and every member of the Kardashian clan is toting around their coveted cup of coffee with the infamous green mermaid siren on the cup? Have we been primed to frequent starbucks to the point of addiction?

9) I Want The Latest And Greatest

The Iphone 6 came out, everyone had to rush out and grab one! The Iwatch 2 came out, same scenario! Finally, the Iphone 7 has arrived with bionic earbuds! Despite the fact that the Iphone 6 came out, people are ready to abandon it for the latest and greatest technology. This must be our fixed mindset as Americans wanting the newest and most advanced in tech toys.

Media Effects Team Red

MEDIA EFFECTS

Samantha Ragsdale (6), Shumaila Kidwai (2), Natalie Tomanek (3) , Shane Lee (5)

Define and give examples of “media” (i.e., is it a content producer, a platform, a device or what?)

Media is the message and content being shared from a platform.

Define and give examples of “effects” (i.e., What do you consider an effect? Attitude change or reinforcement? Behavioral change or reinforcement?, etc.)

The alteration of behavior, perception, or attitude. It creates a change in social and psychological aspects.

Competition #1 - Examples of Effects:

1. “The Attack of Children Effect” Video games could potentially cause young children to become more violent as they mature.
2. “The Kim K Wanna Be Effect” Images of photo-shopped celebrities and models could lead young women to develop a skewed body image.
3. “It’s Complicated! Effect” The dysfunctional images of relationships portrayed on television shows and movies may lead people to believe that that kind of treatment is acceptable from a significant other.
4. “Its 2016 ya’ll Effect” Television and movies reinforces outdated gender roles and expectations which leads to slower advancement of those issues.
5. “Cell Phone Anonymous Effect” Social media causes young people to increasingly become more addicted to their phone.
6. “@ me next time Effect” A rise in social media use in younger, developing teens, can lead to higher rates of bullying online.
7. “Tell Me Who I Am Effect” Media representation of race creates a stereotype.
8. “Call Now and Confirm Persuasion Tactics!” Persuasive principles (Cialdini) are used to get people to act/behave a certain behavior. Example - Infomercials - They use various principles to get people to buy their product (social proof, scarcity, etc.). 
9. Empathy Activation - By empathizing with the content, we are more inclined to want to act on those feelings. Examples - Those sad dog videos or donating to help starving children in africa commercials.
10. Social Learning -  individuals do not need to personally act out a behavior to learn it; they can learn from observation. Example - Love has no labels commercials. They construe advertisements that show that we should love everyone equally (gender, sexuality, race, etc.).
11. Messenger and texting - causes crashes
12. “Creating Bridezilla Effect” (Pinterest causes unrealistic expectations)
13. “Show me the likes!” Desiring more likes on Facebook affects our perpetual want for approval and affirmation. 
14. “Me, Myself and I Effect“ Facebook and Instagram causes a narcissistic and egotistical mindset. 
15. “............ SQUIRREL! Effect” Social media causes a short attention span.
16. Subliminal messages in movies influences us subtly. 
17. Media sets the example of what is “cool” in society, which creates a stigma regarding certain aspects. 
18. Depressing content in the news causes people to think the world is terrible. 
19. The number of followers we have affects our self esteem.
20. Filters create a skewed perception of ourselves.
21. Free apps makes us greedy.
22. Music affects our mood and views on life. 
23. “If it’s on the internet, then it must be true!” the information being presented online affects our ability to think about if it’s true or not. 

Competition #2:

“............ SQUIRREL! Effect” Social media causes a short attention span.

Media Effects Group 2

1. Alexandra (2), Jeremy (2), and Jamie (4)
2. Media

Definitions:

• Merriam Webster definition: “the system and organizations of communication through which information is spread to a large number of people”

• A system in place for users to both gain and give information

-internet, social media platforms, news programming

• A sharing network that connects individuals to the greater world
• Different sources and platforms used to share news to the world

Examples:

• Social media platforms: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. - more personal interaction, tailored to your interests
• News channels: CNN, MSNBC, Fox News - “official” news sources that focus on most notable events
• Content creators: YouTube personalities, bloggers - people not directly tied to major news sources   

3. Effects    

Definitions:

• Merriam Webster Definition: “a change that is a result or consequence of an action or other cause.”

• The reaction a user has to media
• How an individual is influenced to action by a piece of media

Examples:

• Change in opinions, viewpoints

4. Our Effects

1.Video Games exacerbate young child’s bad mood/poor outlook on life adding to depressive thoughts and bad behaviour

Aggravation (Preceding) Theory→ Person’s prior emotional/mental state being aggravated and will have direct effect for some period of time over preceding environment’s stimulus  

Based on Priming Theory

Media: Video Game

Effect: Aggravates already depressed child’s mood preceding playing a video game. Behavioral aggravation in an increasingly positive or negative manner

2. Oldest Child who doesn’t have an older sibling to look up to looks to media (TV and magazines) for social cues, personality shaping, goals, etc...

Eldest Role Model Theory→ Media use is purposeful to created a role and role model figure to emulate having moderate to powerful effects on character and personality shaping.

Based on User and Gratifications having Moderate to Powerful Effects

Media: TV and magazines

Effects: Personality development and outlook attributive effects

Links: https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-media-psychology-effect/201203/brain-behavior-and-media 

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/suren-ramasubbu/influence-of-social-media-on-teenagers_b_7427740.html

3. “I want my life to be on Television” Theory- A person’s need to share every bit of drama, or information in their life, in order to receive a certain reaction. By oversharing, a person is is expecting a emotional based, solving reaction from others, as seen on television programming. (ex. One may post about their bad day, hoping someone will give a reaction helping the situation. Expecting a greater result from ranting.)

4. Multiple Platform Viewing Theory- A person is able to gain more information while viewing media on a number of platforms at once, while not retaining a majority of the information gained, as if just watching one source. (can be watching television programming, while watching sports on phone, and tweeting on computer, will know what’s being viewed, or discussed, but won’t gain anything from viewing all aspects

5. Harambe Effect - when the global political climate is so tumultuous that society collectively decides to “memeify” and fixate on a bizarre, largely inconsequential news story (ex: the Harambe meme that blew up in summer 2016, a year of extreme political and racial tension as a distraction from more important world events)        

http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/harambe-the-gorilla

Media: various platforms/websites, mainstream/traditional media

Effects: cultural distraction, over-politicization of a non-political event  

6. Meme Lag - the time between the inception of a meme in the fringes of the internet to blowing up on major sites; typically by the time the meme reaches the mainstream, the creating group has moved on to a new meme and has “disowned” the old meme or finds use of it embarrassing (ex: Health and Human Services using the “doge” meme in 2014, several years after the meme was coined and became widespread)

Media: various platforms/websites  

Effect: profound divide between organically produced content and forced content from businesses and latecomers, cultural need to be “first” to something (the hottest new meme)  

7. Platform Shift - when a platform introduces new features or changes old ones, the way people communicate on the platform begins to change (ex: Twitter introducing the ability to retweet yourself and quote tweets allowed users greater flexibility in the ways they used the site to express themselves and communicate)

Media: Twitter

Effect: change in communication patterns

8. Beauty Guru Effect - the more unclear someone is about paid advertising on their platform, the more distrustful people become of their opinion

http://www.xojane.com/beauty/advertising-youtube-beauty-girls-zoella-bethany-mota

Media: YouTube, blogs

Effect: Loss of viewers/readers, loss of credibility

Media Effects In-Class Exercise

Please bring your laptop to class Sept 20 and Sept 22

Part 1: Due in class on September 20 (Total possible points: 2)

1.    Sign up for a group in class on Sept 15. Please exchange contact information, as part 1 of the exercise will require some coordination

• Those who are absent on Sept 15 will be assigned a team

2. Each group member should bring in at least two examples of media effects on Sept 20. Your examples will be used for the two competitions on Sept 22. See below for the criteria and coordinate accordingly (e.g., you may want to discuss what you mean by “media” and “effect” first so you can delegate 

• Two or more examples = 2 points; one example = 1 point; zero example = 0

Part 2: Due by the end of class on September 22 – Each group should submit one post on the course blog (Completion points = 3; possible extra credits = 2)

1. 

• List names of your team members who are here today 
• Put in parenthesis the number of examples each team member brought in for the in-class exercise: EX: Dr. Lee (1), Dr. Drogos (2), Dr. Knight (2), and  
• Use "media effects" for label.

2. Define and give examples of “media” (i.e., is it a content producer, a platform, a device or what?)

3. Define and give examples of “effects” (i.e., What do you consider an effect? Attitude change or reinforcement? Behavioral change or reinforcement?, etc.)

4.  Competition #1: List all the media effects examples your group came up with (please don’t include duplicates. For example, if two people brought in examples of how pornography contributes to men’s objectification of women, please only list that once). The group with the longest list wins this portion of the competition.

• Winning group gets +1 extra credit

5.  Competition #2: Drawing from your examples in step #4, please try to give all your "media effect" examples creative names (See below for examples) and submit the most creative one for the vote. See below for examples. Also, don’t forget to include a brief description of your submission to facilitate the voting process. The group that gets most votes wins this portion of the competition.

• Winning group gets +1 extra credit
• Traditional media effects theories include framing, priming, agenda-setting, etc. In a nutshell, I’d like you to come up with your own creative “theory” that helps us think about how "media" affect us 
• Past Winner: “The I don’t Want to Live on this Planet Anymore Effect” (Too much bragging on social media, which makes me not want to live on this planet anymore)
• Other examples: “The “argument compression” effect (Can it fit in 140 characters? No? Doesn’t matter); “Memefication” (social/political matters are only important if you can put them over a silly picture); The “autocorrect” effect (spelling accuracy decrease in handwriting) 

Clarifications: There are essentially two competitions: 1. Quantity. 2. Creativity.

• For the "quantity" portion of the competition -- the group that reports the longest list wins. 
• To ensure that all the categories the winning group has make sense and are mutually exclusive (for example, "brainwash" and "propaganda" would be considered the same category because the examples are not likely to differ), the winning group is asked to share with the rest of the class what their categories are, followed by a brief example for each category.
• For the "creativity" portion of the competition -- Each group will nominate one example, and the group that gets the most votes wins. I'll be the tiebreaker if necessary.
• In some ways, it's almost easier to start with the examples you have and see what creative labels you can come up with for them.    

Have fun and let me know if you have any questions!

p.s. Below is a list of all the theoretical concepts we've gone over thus far. This should be helpful as you work on this group exercise

1. Lasswell's model of communication
2. Positivist ontology
3. Social constructivist ontology
4. Inoculation
5. Descriptive norms
6. Injunctive norms
7. Cialdini's 6 ways to influence people
8. Framing
9. Gain frame
10. Loss frame
11. Episodic frame
12. Thematic frame
13. Prospect theory
14. Selective exposure
15. Cognitive dissonance
16. Mood management theory
17. Confirmation bias
18. Selective perception
19. Selective retention
20. Polarization
21. Badder-Meinhof phenomenon
22. Reinforcement theory
23. Fixed mindset
24. Growth mindset 
25. Lasswell's propaganda theory
26. Lippmann's "pictures in our heads"
27. Powerful media effects
28. Magic bullet theory
29. Hypodermic needle theory
30. Experiments with "Why we fight" films
31. Limited media effects
32. "War of the worlds"
33. "The people's choice"
34. Two-step flow theory
35. Uses and gratifications paradigm
36. Moderate-to-powerful effects
37. Search Engine Manipulation Effect    
38. 1st level agenda-setting
39. Accessibility
40. 2nd level agenda-setting
41. Who sets the media's agenda?
42. Agenda-setting theory's problems
43. Counter-arguments against #47
44. Agenda-cutting
45. Priming
46. Embodied cognition
47. Semantic network

Winners:

Competition 1: •Sam, Shumaila, Shane, Natalie *(23)*:“............ SQUIRREL! Effect”

Competition 2: •Ofelia, Sarah, Duncan *(9)*: “Bourbon Doesn’t Make Me Grow Hair On My Chest” -- "Mila Kunis is the face of Jim Beam Kentucky Bourbon. The commercial is incredibly sexy and appeals to women. Typically, bourbon and whiskey are associated with men who enjoy this barrel aged distilled spirit. In a sense, this commercial defies stereotypical gender norms. As a female who has a great appreciation for Bourbon, Whiskey, and Scotch, it is refreshing to see that Bourbon is being marketed to not such a gender specific consumer."